Uyasazi ukusetshenziswa kwe-Polyamide (PA) Composites ku-Rail Transit?

Uyasazi ukusetshenziswa kwe-Polyamide (PA) Composites ku-Rail Transit?

Ukuhamba kwesitimela kubhekisele ekusetshenzisweni kwezitimela zesitimela zokuhamba kwabasebenzi, kufaka phakathi izitimela zabagibeli, izitimela zejubane elikhulu, ukuphepha kwamandla, ukugcinwa kwezemvelo, kubhekwa njengendlela yokugcina umhlaba, kubhekwa njengendlela yokuxazulula ithregi yethrafikhi ngaphakathi kwesikhathi esizayo.

I-Polyamide, eyaziwa kakhulu njenge-nylon, inezakhiwo ezinhle zemishini, izakhiwo zikagesi, ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana kawoyela okuhle, ukumelana, ukuzithambisa, ukuqina kwamakhemikhali nokubumba ukucubungula ukubumba. Izinto ze-Polyamide eziyinhlanganisela ezisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuhamba kwezitimela zingaxazulula izinkinga ezifana ngempumelelo ne-locomotive jitter nomsindo, zinciphise izinga lokulondolozwa, futhi ziba nezikhathi zokudlidliza, okubalulekile ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza okubushelelezi kwezitimela eziphakeme. Ama-Polyamide Composites asetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhambeni kwesitimela.

1.Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-polyamide kumaphrojekthi wobunjiniyela bezitimela

Izitimela eziphakeme kakhulu zidinga izakhiwo zazo zethrekhi ukuze zibe nobulukhuni obukhulu, ukuqina kanye nokuqina okufanele, ukuze kufinyelelwe ikhwalithi ephezulu kanye nokulungiswa okuphansi. Ngakho-ke, izidingo eziphakeme zibekwa phambili ezakhiweni zezinto ezibonakalayo ze-polymer ezinhlakeni ze-orbital. Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezimboni zePlastiksi kanye nenqubekela phambili yobuchwepheshe bokuguqulwa kuthuthukise izinhlobonhlobo, ubungako kanye nezakhiwo zobunjiniyela bepulasitiki kanye nezinto zokwakha eziguquliwe, ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa okuqinisiwe okuhlanganisiwe okuhlanganisiwe kwe-polyamide okuguquliwe ku-Rail Engineering nakho kakhulu.

1.1I-fasteners yesicelo kujantshi

Izinhlelo ze-Fastener ziyizingxenye ezixhunyiwe eziphakathi zokuxhuma ojantshi nabalalayo. Indima yayo ukulungisa ujantshi kumlali wokulala, gcina igeji futhi uvikele ukunyakaza okude nokungemuva kwesitimela esihlobene nomsolwa. Ethrekhi kokhonkolo Ngakho-ke, ama-fasteners kumele abe namandla anele, aqinile kanye nokuqina okuthile, futhi alondoloze ngempumelelo ukuxhumana okuthembekile phakathi kwesitimela nomsole. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lwe-fastener luyadingeka ukuba lube nezingxenye ezimbalwa, ukufakwa okulula nokuhlukaniswa okulula. Izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-polyamide zivinjelwe, ukumelana nokuguga, zinokuqina okuhle, amandla aphezulu nokuguquguquka okuhle, okungahlangabezana nalezi zidingo ezingenhla.

1.2 Isicelo ku-Railway Curnity

I-Turnout iyithuluzi lokuxhumeka komugqa ovumela ukuthi kudluliselwe isitoko esithi kudluliselwe kusuka kumucu owodwa kuya kwenye; Kuyingxenye ebalulekile emigqeni yesitimela. Ukusebenza kwayo okujwayelekile yisiqinisekiso esiyisisekelo sokuphepha kokushayela. Ngokuthuthukiswa kokwakhiwa kwesitimela saseChina, ubungcweti besitimela buye basebenza ngokuqhubekayo ubuchwepheshe obusha, izinto ezintsha nezinqubo ezintsha. Ukunciphisa amandla okuguqulwa kokuvuselelwa kanye nokwenza ngcono ukuthembeka kokusebenza kwama-recouts bekulokhu kuyinjongo yeminyango yesitimela yasekhaya nakwamanye amazwe. I-Polyamide composite impahla enokumelana kahle kawoyela, ukugqoka kokuphefumula, ukuzithambisa kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle zemishini, ukuze ithole imiphumela emihle kuma-recouts.

2.Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-polyamide ezimotweni zesitimela

Ngokuthuthukiswa kwezitimela zesitimela esiphakeme seChina esisezingeni eliphakeme, ukuphepha kanye nokungasindi, ukuze uhlangabezane nezidingo zokusebenza kwesitimela esisheshayo, izitimela kufanele zibe nesisindo esincane, ukusebenza okuhle, ukwakheka okulula nokuphikiswa okuhle kokugqwala. Izinto zokwakha ze-polymer zisetshenziswa kabanzi ezimotweni zesitimela, futhi izinqubo zokukhiqiza nezinqubo zokukhiqiza zezitimela zithuthuke kakhulu.

2.1Ukugoqa amakheji okuthela

Amasondo ezimoto abagibeli anezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu, okudingeka aqinisekise ukuthembeka nokuphepha kwesitimela ngejubane elikhulu, kodwa futhi nokulungiswa okulula, ngakho-ke i-rolling beage cage idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu. Izinto ze-Polyamide eziyinhlanganisela zinezici zobunzima obuphezulu, ukuzilibazisa, ukugqokwa kwento, ukumelana nomthelela, ukumelana nokukhanya okukhanyayo, indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuphepheni kwesitimela, isivinini esikhulu kanye nomthwalo osindayo. Le kheji eliphethe isebenzisa i-fiber fiber okuqinisiwe kanye ne-graphite noma i-molybdenum disvulfide njenge-lubring, enobukhulu obuphansi kanye nesisindo esikhanyayo. Lolu hlobo lwekheji lusetshenziswe kabanzi phesheya, njengenkampani yeSweden's skf ye-SKF ethwala izimpahla zabagibeli kanye nezimoto ze-locomotive traction motor esebenzisa izinto ezingama-25% ze-Glass fiber eziqinisiwe ze-PA66 impahla ye-composite ukwenza amakheji. Ama-cylindrical ethwele amakheji wezimoto zokuhamba zasemadolobheni kanye nezimoto ze-mainline eJalimane ziye zahlolwa izigidi zezigidi zezikhathi. I-Russia ibilokhu ifaka amakheji we-nylon kumaloli elola lamaloli kusukela ngo-1986. Lolu hlobo lwe-nylon cage lunezimpawu ezinhle zokuvuselela izinga lokushisa, njll. Isikhungo Sokucwaninga Nge-China Dieshel socomotive kanye ne-Dalian Plastics Plastics Institute yenziwe ucwaningo lwe-Fiber Fiber Rieble Cage CAGE, futhi udlule ngempumelelo ukuhlolwa okuphezulu okusheshayo kwamakhilomitha angaphezu kuka-200,000 ebhentshini lokuhlola eliphansi.

2.2 bogie core disc ukugqoka disc

I-bogie ingenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu esakhiweni sesitimela, edlala indima ebalulekile ekusekeleni umzimba wemoto futhi uqinisekise ukusebenza okuphephile kwemoto. I-Core Disc Lear disc ingenye yezesekeli ezibalulekile ze-bogie, efakwe maphakathi nomcamelo weloli weloli, futhi isekela wonke umzimba kanye nomthwalo wehlangothi. I-American Railroads esetshenzisiwe i-Nylon Guide Fraidey linings kuma-bogies ekuqaleni kweminyaka engama-60 edlule, futhi wandise uhlelo lokusebenza lokufaka izicubu zokugqoka. Ama-bogies afakwa emthanjeni omkhulu, edinga izinto ezinamandla aphezulu, ukuguquguquka nokuqina. I-MBT USA isebenzisa impahla ye-UHM-WPE ukwenza ama-bogie main bearings ukuze ahlangabezane nalezi zidingo, futhi asebenzisa i-nylon njengamapuleti wokugqoka ojantshi okhanyayo. I-Nylon Side Bearrings kanye ne-Livetering Uhlaka lwamalungu asetshenziswa ku-GSI Type BOGES for Hard Rail Rail Railys. I-Chicago ne-HoundWest Railroad isetshenziselwe i-nylon yamaphampu we-Wear on izifanekiso zomhlahlandlela wezifanekiso namadivayisi we-tie rod, kanye ne-nylon ukugqoka amapuleti we-GPSO Locomotive Bogies. Ukuze uxazulule ukugqokwa phakathi kwama-disc aphezulu nangaphansi, ama-buffer amandla e-kinetic wemoto, futhi anwebe impilo yensizakalo yezakhi ezihlobene, izinto zokuthathela izinkulumo zivame ukusetshenziswa njengezingxenye zokugqoka. Izinto ze-polymer ezinjenge-fiber fiber eziqinisiwe zigqibe i-nylon, equkethe i-nylon ne-altra-high apple polyethylene zisetshenziswa esitokisini se-moretal grequr. I-Polyamide nezinye izinto eziguquliwe zinokumelana kahle nokuzithambisa, okwenza ukusebenza okuphephile kungamafutha amancane noma kungekho. Amaloli aseJalimane ngokuvamile asebenzisa i-PA6 ukwenza i-disc liner liner, i-United States iningi lisebenzisa i-polyethylene ehlobene ne-ultra-ephezulu kakhulu, kanti iChina isebenzisa i-PA66 eqinile njenge-disc disc liner.

3. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-polyamide ezinhlanganweni zikagesi kaloliwe

Amasiginali wokuxhumana wesitimela yizikhungo zezinzwa zalo lonke uhlelo lokuhamba lwesitimela. I-Track Circuits iyingxenye ebalulekile yokusebenza okukude kokulawulwa okuzenzakalelayo kwemishini yokugibela ujantshi. Izinto ze-Polyamide eziyinhlanganisela zingasetshenziswa ukulandelela imibuthano edlulisela imininingwane yemvamisa ephezulu, qiniseka amasiginali wokuxhumana ashelelayo, anciphise ukwehluleka kokushayela futhi athuthukise ukuphepha kokushayela.

3.1 Imishini yokufakwa kwesitimela

Ukufakwa kwesitimela kungenye yezinto eziyisisekelo zesekethe yethrekhi. Ngaphezu kokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwe-Track Circuit, ukufakwa kwethrekhi akufanele kunciphise amandla okwenziwa ngolwesiti lwesitimela. Lokhu kudinga izinto zokufakwa kwezitimela ezinezici ezinhle zokufakelwa kanye namandla aphezulu acindezela. Ngenxa yemiphumela emibi yesimo sezulu nemvelo kanye nesenzo esiqhubekayo sokushintshana kwemithwalo yokusebenza kwesitimela, ukufakwa kwesitimela kulinyazwa kalula. Isixhumanisi esibuthakathaka kakhulu esitimeleni. Izinto zokufakwa kwethrekhi zamukele i-PA6, i-PA16, i-PA1010, i-MC NYLON, njll.

3.2 Izinduku ezifakiwe zegeji

I-Rail Rail Rail Insugeted Gauge Rood iyithuluzi elisetshenziselwa ukugcina ibanga lesitimela futhi liqinisa imigqa ezingxenyeni zokulandela izitimela. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-fiber fiber okuqinisiwe kwe-PA66 njenge-insulator, nensimbi yensimbi yensimbi nezinye izingxenye ukwakha i-gauge rod efakiwe, kodwa futhi kube nokufakelwa okuhle, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okujwayelekile komjikelezo wethrekhi.

4. Okunye ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ze-polyamide composite zokwenziwa kojantshi

Njengamanje, iChina isesikhathini esiphumelelayo sokuthuthukiswa kwezitimela. Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwesitimela sasemadolobheni, esitimeleni, uhlelo lwesitimela se-Intercity eChina, kanye nokubuyiselwa kanye nokuvuselelwa kwezingxenye zohlelo lwejantshi, inani elikhulu lezingxenye zezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-polyamide nazo ziyadingeka.

I-5.Conclusion

Ngokuthuthukiswa kojantshi lapho kuqondiswa ngesivinini esikhulu, ukuphepha kanye nokungasindi, izinto ze-polymer zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu futhi zibe yinto yesithathu ngobukhulu ngemuva kwensimbi netshe. Izinhlelo zokuhamba kwezitimela zizoba yinkambu ebalulekile yokuthuthukiswa kwamapulasitiki aguquliwe ngokuzayo, futhi ama-Polyamide asebenza kahle asephenduke imikhiqizo yohlelo lokusebenza ethembisa kakhulu. Kufanele sibambe leli thuba ukusheshisa ijubane locwaningo olunzulu kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni zezobuchwepheshe bezinto ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo ngamalungelo azimele wesakhiwo esibonakalayo. Lwela ukuthuthukisa izinga lesicelo sezinto ezihlanganisiwe ku-Rail Transit ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwe-China Rail Transit.